ABSTRACT
[...]of global pandemic, the governments were pushed to adapt their trade policies, which changed the landscape of business and put a lot of pressure on and disrupted global supply chains (GSC) and global value chain (GVC) (Sharma et al., 2020). [...]organizations’ responses to the global pandemic need to be able to deal with uncertain and continuously changing rules, regulations and socio-economic environment (Ahlstrom et al., 2020). [...]the interplay between formal and informal institutions is crucial to understand. The relevance of disruption to change in cross-border operations has been studied, e.g. from a risk management perspective (Revilla and Sáenz, 2014), considering the organization of global supply chains (Revilla and Sáenz, 2017).